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magic number 1. In source code, some non-obvious constant whose value is significant to the operation of a program and that is inserted inconspicuously in-line (hard-coded), rather than expanded in by a symbol set by a commented "#define". Magic numbers in this sense are bad style. 2. A number that encodes critical information used in an algorithm in some opaque way. The classic examples of these are the numbers used in hash or CRC functions or the coefficients in a {linear congruential generator} for {pseudorandom} numbers. This sense actually predates, and was ancestral to, the more common sense 1. 3. Special data located at the beginning of a binary data file to indicate its type to a utility. Under Unix, the system and various {applications programs} (especially the linker) distinguish between types of executable file by looking for a magic number. Once upon a time, these magic numbers were PDP-11 branch instructions that sk
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